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10. Which is claimed to be the overall advantage of criterion-referenced over norm-referenced interpretation? An individual's score
A. Is compared with the set mastery level
B. Is compared with that of his peers
C. Is compared with the average scores
D. Does not need to be compared with any measure.
As teachers, we have to interpret scores as a part of the measurement and evaluation process. Based on this premise, option D - Does not need to be compared with any measure - must be eliminated immediately.
Option C - Is compared with the average scores - is actually a rough application of Standard Deviation. It tries to determine the difference (how far away) a certain score is from the average of the group.
This leaves us with only two options - A and B. Funny, because options A and B are actually the accurate definitions of criterion-referenced interpretation and norm-referenced interpretation, respectively.
11. Teacher A does norm-referenced interpretation of scores. Which of the following does she do?
A. She uses a specified content as its frame of reference.
B. She describes a group of performance in relation to a level of mastery set.
C. She compares every individual student's score with others' scores.
D. She describes what should be their performances.
Based from what we have learned from the previous item, norm-referenced interpretation is that which involves the comparison of a specific score with the achievement of the whole class or other students. On the other hand, criterion-referenced interpretation involves the comparison of an individual score with a level of mastery set by the teacher, the school or the agency of education.
12. All examinees obtained scores below the mean. A graphic representation of the score distribution will be __.
A. Negatively-skewed
B. Perfect normal curve
C. Leptokurtic
D. Positively-skewed
If all members of a group of examinees obtained scores above the mean, the distribution will be negatively-skewed. In this case, all examinees obtained scores below the mean. So, the distribution will be positively-skewed.
A leptokurtic distribution is a thin curve. This happens when scores are just about the mean. A perfect normal curve is when a group of examinees got a normal distribution of scores represented by a bell shape.
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