HECKLE
/ ˈhɛk əl / [HEK-uh l] (v.)
– to interrupt or harass a public speaker
Example: The angry crowd heckled the politician.
Additional info: Synonyms for heckle include bully, ridicule, and taunt.
OUTRAGE
/ ˈaʊt reɪdʒ / [OUT-reyj] (n.)
– a strong feeling of anger
Example: There was much outrage over the president’s decision to pass the law.
Additional info: As a verb, it means to make someone angry or to offend someone.
HURL
/ hɜrl / [hurl] (v.)
– to speak with anger
Example: The mob hurled insults at the police.
Additional info: It can also mean to literally throw an object.
STRIVE
/ straɪv / [strahyv] (v.)
– to exert great effort
Example: The government strives to keep the country safe.
Additional info: It can also mean to compete.
INVADE
/ ɪnˈveɪd / [in-VEYD] (v.)
– to forcefully take control of a place
Example: Foreign forces tried to invade our country, but they failed.
Additional info: Conquer is similar to this word.
Showing posts with label Vocab Enrichment. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Vocab Enrichment. Show all posts
Vocabulary Enrichment 99 with IPA Practice
REGULATION
/ˌrɛg yəˈleɪ ʃən / [reg-yuh-LEY-shuh n] (n.)
– a law dictating how things should be done
Example: The government implemented new regulations to minimize air pollution.
Additional info: Regulations also refer to rules or guidelines.
COMPLIANCE
/ kəmˈplaɪ əns / [kuh m-PLAHY-uh ns] (n.)
– the act of obeying a rule or an order
Example: The authorities expect to observe complete compliance among all citizens.
Additional info: Comply (v.) means to follow or obey an order or a rule.
EXPOSURE
/ ɪkˈspoʊ ʒər / [ik-SPOH-zher] (n.)
– the condition of experiencing or being in contact with something
Example: His exposure to secondhand smoke has made him sick.
Additional info: It may also refer to the act of making a secret publicly known.
AIRBORNE
/ ˈɛərˌbɔrn / [AIR-bawrn] (adj.)
– carried by the air
Example: Tuberculosis is an airborne disease.
Additional info: In the military, this term is used to refer to soldiers trained to jump from an aircraft.
CORRELATION
/ ˌkɔr əˈleɪ ʃən / [kawr-uh-LEY-shuh n] (n.)
– a connection or relationship between things
Example: There is a high correlation between smoking and respiratory illnesses.
Additional info: Its synonyms include association and link.
/ˌrɛg yəˈleɪ ʃən / [reg-yuh-LEY-shuh n] (n.)
– a law dictating how things should be done
Example: The government implemented new regulations to minimize air pollution.
Additional info: Regulations also refer to rules or guidelines.
COMPLIANCE
/ kəmˈplaɪ əns / [kuh m-PLAHY-uh ns] (n.)
– the act of obeying a rule or an order
Example: The authorities expect to observe complete compliance among all citizens.
Additional info: Comply (v.) means to follow or obey an order or a rule.
EXPOSURE
/ ɪkˈspoʊ ʒər / [ik-SPOH-zher] (n.)
– the condition of experiencing or being in contact with something
Example: His exposure to secondhand smoke has made him sick.
Additional info: It may also refer to the act of making a secret publicly known.
AIRBORNE
/ ˈɛərˌbɔrn / [AIR-bawrn] (adj.)
– carried by the air
Example: Tuberculosis is an airborne disease.
Additional info: In the military, this term is used to refer to soldiers trained to jump from an aircraft.
CORRELATION
/ ˌkɔr əˈleɪ ʃən / [kawr-uh-LEY-shuh n] (n.)
– a connection or relationship between things
Example: There is a high correlation between smoking and respiratory illnesses.
Additional info: Its synonyms include association and link.
Vocabulary Enrichment 98 with IPA Practice
SATELLITE
/ ˈsæt lˌaɪt / [SAT-l-ahyt] (n.)
– a machine or device sent into space
Example: The satellite took images of the moon.
Additional info: It may also refer to an organization managed and controlled by a larger organization.
BREAKTHROUGH
/ ˈbreɪkˌθru / [BREYK-throo] (n.)
– any significant innovation or discovery
Example: The invention of the telephone was a breakthrough in communication.
Additional info: Synonyms for breakthrough include advancement and development.
RECONFIGURE
/ ˌri kənˈfɪg yər / [ree-kuh n-FIG-yer] (v.)
– to change the form or the way something is used
Example: Some aircraft can be reconfigured for high altitude flights.
Additional info: Synonyms for reconfigure include modify and rearrange.
DEFINE
/ dɪˈfaɪn / [dih-FAHYN] (v.)
– to explain, identify, or describe something
Example: The manager defined the employee’s new role.
Additional info: It can also mean to specify or lay down clearly.
MARITIME
/ ˈmær ɪˌtaɪm / [MAR-i-tahym] (adj.)
– referring to any business or activity done by sea
Example: The maritime industry is one of the country’s most important sources of income.
Additional info: It may also refer to anything located near or by the sea.
/ ˈsæt lˌaɪt / [SAT-l-ahyt] (n.)
– a machine or device sent into space
Example: The satellite took images of the moon.
Additional info: It may also refer to an organization managed and controlled by a larger organization.
BREAKTHROUGH
/ ˈbreɪkˌθru / [BREYK-throo] (n.)
– any significant innovation or discovery
Example: The invention of the telephone was a breakthrough in communication.
Additional info: Synonyms for breakthrough include advancement and development.
RECONFIGURE
/ ˌri kənˈfɪg yər / [ree-kuh n-FIG-yer] (v.)
– to change the form or the way something is used
Example: Some aircraft can be reconfigured for high altitude flights.
Additional info: Synonyms for reconfigure include modify and rearrange.
DEFINE
/ dɪˈfaɪn / [dih-FAHYN] (v.)
– to explain, identify, or describe something
Example: The manager defined the employee’s new role.
Additional info: It can also mean to specify or lay down clearly.
MARITIME
/ ˈmær ɪˌtaɪm / [MAR-i-tahym] (adj.)
– referring to any business or activity done by sea
Example: The maritime industry is one of the country’s most important sources of income.
Additional info: It may also refer to anything located near or by the sea.
Vocabulary Enrichment 97 with IPA Practice
MONITOR
/ˈmɒn ɪ tər/ [MON-i-ter] (v.)
– to watch or regularly check something
Example: Scientists monitor the volcano for possible signs of eruption.
Additional info: As a noun, it refers to the device that shows images and information on its screen.
RESEMBLE
/rɪˈzɛm bəl/ [ri-ZEM-buh l] (v.)
- to have a similar appearance to something else
Example: The building resembles a pyramid.
Additional info: One synonym for resemble is mirror (v.) or match (v.).
INCIDENT
/ˈɪn sɪ dənt/ [IN-si-duh nt] (n.)
– an unexpected and unpleasant event
Example: There was a chemical spill incident here a few years ago.
Additional info: Synonyms for incident include occurrence and occasion.
COMPLEX
/ˈkɒm plɛks/ [KOM-pleks] (n.)
– a group of buildings or structures that are near each other
Example: The apartment complex was ruined by the fire.
Additional info: As an adjective, it can mean complicated or difficult.
COAST
/koʊst/ [kohst] (n.)
– the land close to the sea
Example: I want to live near the coast so I can be close to the ocean.
Additional info: Synonyms for coast include shore and beach.
/ˈmɒn ɪ tər/ [MON-i-ter] (v.)
– to watch or regularly check something
Example: Scientists monitor the volcano for possible signs of eruption.
Additional info: As a noun, it refers to the device that shows images and information on its screen.
RESEMBLE
/rɪˈzɛm bəl/ [ri-ZEM-buh l] (v.)
- to have a similar appearance to something else
Example: The building resembles a pyramid.
Additional info: One synonym for resemble is mirror (v.) or match (v.).
INCIDENT
/ˈɪn sɪ dənt/ [IN-si-duh nt] (n.)
– an unexpected and unpleasant event
Example: There was a chemical spill incident here a few years ago.
Additional info: Synonyms for incident include occurrence and occasion.
COMPLEX
/ˈkɒm plɛks/ [KOM-pleks] (n.)
– a group of buildings or structures that are near each other
Example: The apartment complex was ruined by the fire.
Additional info: As an adjective, it can mean complicated or difficult.
COAST
/koʊst/ [kohst] (n.)
– the land close to the sea
Example: I want to live near the coast so I can be close to the ocean.
Additional info: Synonyms for coast include shore and beach.
Vocabulary Enrichment 96 with IPA Practice
RESTORE
/rɪˈstɔr/ [ri-STAWR] (v.)
– to bring back or re-establish something
Example: The country was able to restore economic stability a few years after the war.
Additional info: Synonyms for restore include reinstate and return.
EMBASSY
/ˈɛm bə si/ [EM-buh-see] (n.)
– the building where a country’s ambassador or representative works
Example: The U.S. Embassy is closed on the last day of the year.
Additional info: Synonyms for embassy include consulate and ministry.
NORMALIZE
/ˈnɔr məˌlaɪz/ [NAWR-muh-lahyz] (v.)
– to return to the normal state or condition
Example: The two countries decided to normalize their relations after being in a cold war for ten years.
Additional info: Normal (adj.) refers to being ordinary.
MIGRATION
/maɪˈgreɪ ʃən/ [mahy-GREY-shuh n] (n.)
– the act of moving from one country to live in another
Example: Illegal migration is a big problem in our country.
Additional info: Synonyms for migration include relocation and resettlement.
STIFF
/stɪf/ [stif] (adj.)
– not friendly
Example: The stiff relations between the presidential candidates are evident during the debate.
Additional info: It may also refer to something that is very difficult to bend.
/rɪˈstɔr/ [ri-STAWR] (v.)
– to bring back or re-establish something
Example: The country was able to restore economic stability a few years after the war.
Additional info: Synonyms for restore include reinstate and return.
EMBASSY
/ˈɛm bə si/ [EM-buh-see] (n.)
– the building where a country’s ambassador or representative works
Example: The U.S. Embassy is closed on the last day of the year.
Additional info: Synonyms for embassy include consulate and ministry.
NORMALIZE
/ˈnɔr məˌlaɪz/ [NAWR-muh-lahyz] (v.)
– to return to the normal state or condition
Example: The two countries decided to normalize their relations after being in a cold war for ten years.
Additional info: Normal (adj.) refers to being ordinary.
MIGRATION
/maɪˈgreɪ ʃən/ [mahy-GREY-shuh n] (n.)
– the act of moving from one country to live in another
Example: Illegal migration is a big problem in our country.
Additional info: Synonyms for migration include relocation and resettlement.
STIFF
/stɪf/ [stif] (adj.)
– not friendly
Example: The stiff relations between the presidential candidates are evident during the debate.
Additional info: It may also refer to something that is very difficult to bend.
Vocabulary Enrichment 95 with IPA Practice
PESTER
/ˈpɛs tər/ [PES-ter] (v.)
– to repeatedly bother someone
Example: He pestered her about going to the movies until she gave in.
Additional info: Synonyms for pester include annoy, hassle, and nag.
STRICT
/strɪkt/ [strikt] (adj.)
– requiring people to comply with rules
Example: My parents are very strict when it comes to going out at night.
Additional info: The antonyms of this word include lax and lenient.
OPINION
/əˈpɪn yən/ [uh-PIN-yuh n] (n.)
– a personal belief, view, or attitude
Example: He shared his opinion about the proper upbringing of children.
Additional info: It can also refer to an advice from an expert.
INFLUENCE
/ˈɪn flu əns/ [IN-floo-uh ns] (n.)
– the ability to produce effects or changes in someone or something
Example: The rich family has a lot of influence over many people in our town.
Additional info: As a verb, it can mean to affect or control someone or something.
DISAPPOINTMENT
/ˌdɪs əˈpɔɪnt mənt/ [dis-uh-POINT-muh nt] (n.)
– the state of being displeased for not meeting one’s expectations
Example: His disappointment toward his son’s loss in the competition is very obvious.
Additional info: Synonyms for disappointment include failure and frustration.
/ˈpɛs tər/ [PES-ter] (v.)
– to repeatedly bother someone
Example: He pestered her about going to the movies until she gave in.
Additional info: Synonyms for pester include annoy, hassle, and nag.
STRICT
/strɪkt/ [strikt] (adj.)
– requiring people to comply with rules
Example: My parents are very strict when it comes to going out at night.
Additional info: The antonyms of this word include lax and lenient.
OPINION
/əˈpɪn yən/ [uh-PIN-yuh n] (n.)
– a personal belief, view, or attitude
Example: He shared his opinion about the proper upbringing of children.
Additional info: It can also refer to an advice from an expert.
INFLUENCE
/ˈɪn flu əns/ [IN-floo-uh ns] (n.)
– the ability to produce effects or changes in someone or something
Example: The rich family has a lot of influence over many people in our town.
Additional info: As a verb, it can mean to affect or control someone or something.
DISAPPOINTMENT
/ˌdɪs əˈpɔɪnt mənt/ [dis-uh-POINT-muh nt] (n.)
– the state of being displeased for not meeting one’s expectations
Example: His disappointment toward his son’s loss in the competition is very obvious.
Additional info: Synonyms for disappointment include failure and frustration.
Vocabulary Enrichment 94 with IPA Practice
DEMAND
/ dɪˈmænd / [dih-MAND] (v.)
– to urgently ask for something
Example: The landlady demands for immediate payment.
Additional info: As a noun, it can mean the desire or need to buy something.
SUGARY
/ ˈʃʊg ə ri / [SHOO G-uh-ree] (adj.)
– referring to anything that has a lot of sugar
Example: I love sugary pastries.
Additional info: It may also refer to something that shows pleasant but false emotion.
REVENUE
/ ˈrɛv ənˌyu / [REV-uh n-yoo] (n.)
– the money generated from collecting tax
Example: The increase in tax doubled this year’s revenue.
Additional info: It may generally refer to the profit earned by any business.
SUBSIDIZE
/ ˈsʌb sɪˌdaɪz / [SUHB-si-dahyz] (v.)
– to help pay for something
Example: The government subsidizes the elderly’s medical care.
Additional info: Fund (v.) and support (v.) are related to this word.
LEVY
/ ˈlɛv i / [LEV-ee] (v.)
– to use one’s authority to demand something
Example: The local authorities levied a $5 million fine on our company.
Additional info: Its synonyms include impose and charge.
/ dɪˈmænd / [dih-MAND] (v.)
– to urgently ask for something
Example: The landlady demands for immediate payment.
Additional info: As a noun, it can mean the desire or need to buy something.
SUGARY
/ ˈʃʊg ə ri / [SHOO G-uh-ree] (adj.)
– referring to anything that has a lot of sugar
Example: I love sugary pastries.
Additional info: It may also refer to something that shows pleasant but false emotion.
REVENUE
/ ˈrɛv ənˌyu / [REV-uh n-yoo] (n.)
– the money generated from collecting tax
Example: The increase in tax doubled this year’s revenue.
Additional info: It may generally refer to the profit earned by any business.
SUBSIDIZE
/ ˈsʌb sɪˌdaɪz / [SUHB-si-dahyz] (v.)
– to help pay for something
Example: The government subsidizes the elderly’s medical care.
Additional info: Fund (v.) and support (v.) are related to this word.
LEVY
/ ˈlɛv i / [LEV-ee] (v.)
– to use one’s authority to demand something
Example: The local authorities levied a $5 million fine on our company.
Additional info: Its synonyms include impose and charge.
Vocabulary Enrichment 93 with IPA Practice
WAITING LIST
/ˈweɪ tɪŋ lɪst/ [WEY-ting list] (n.)
– a list of people waiting for something
Example: Your name is not in the doctor’s waiting list.
Additional info: It is often used for reservations and accommodations.
IMMOBILE
/ɪˈmoʊ bəl/ [ih-MOH-buh l] (adj.)
– cannot move or be moved
Example: Being temporarily paralyzed made her immobile for a few days.
Additional info: Synonyms for immobile include motionless and stationary.
DISTRESSED
/dɪˈstrɛst/ [dih-STREST] (adj.)
– feeling great pain or anxiety
Example: She was distressed over the results of the exam.
Additional info: Synonyms for distressed include anxious and upset.
PENDING
/ˈpɛn dɪŋ/ [PEN-ding] (adj.)
– not happening yet
Example: I have a pending job interview in a new company.
Additional info: As a preposition, it can mean “awaiting or during something.”
DIGNITY
/ˈdɪg nɪ ti/ [DIG-ni-tee] (n.)
– the quality or state of being respect-worthy
Example: Everyone should be treated with dignity.
Additional info: It can also refer to having self-respect and self-control.
/ˈweɪ tɪŋ lɪst/ [WEY-ting list] (n.)
– a list of people waiting for something
Example: Your name is not in the doctor’s waiting list.
Additional info: It is often used for reservations and accommodations.
IMMOBILE
/ɪˈmoʊ bəl/ [ih-MOH-buh l] (adj.)
– cannot move or be moved
Example: Being temporarily paralyzed made her immobile for a few days.
Additional info: Synonyms for immobile include motionless and stationary.
DISTRESSED
/dɪˈstrɛst/ [dih-STREST] (adj.)
– feeling great pain or anxiety
Example: She was distressed over the results of the exam.
Additional info: Synonyms for distressed include anxious and upset.
PENDING
/ˈpɛn dɪŋ/ [PEN-ding] (adj.)
– not happening yet
Example: I have a pending job interview in a new company.
Additional info: As a preposition, it can mean “awaiting or during something.”
DIGNITY
/ˈdɪg nɪ ti/ [DIG-ni-tee] (n.)
– the quality or state of being respect-worthy
Example: Everyone should be treated with dignity.
Additional info: It can also refer to having self-respect and self-control.
Vocabulary Enrichment 92 with IPA Practice
WIDEN
/ˈwaɪd n/ [WAHYD-n] (v.)
– to make something wider
Example: The citizens demanded that the city government widen the roads.
Additional info: Synonyms for widen include broaden and extend.
REDESIGN
/ˌridɪˈzaɪn/ [ree-dih-ZAHYN] (v.)
– to change the design or structure of something
Example: The plane’s exterior will be redesigned this month.
Additional info: The prefix re- means again.
REPUTATION
/ˌrɛp yəˈteɪ ʃən/ [rep-yuh-TEY-shuh n] (n.)
– the shared and public opinion about someone or something
Example: The pilot has a reputation of being late.
Additional info: It can also mean good standing or favorable status.
FLIGHT ATTENDANT
/flaɪt əˈtɛn dənt/ [flahyt uh-TEN-duh nt] (n.)
– an airline employee who serves passengers during a flight
Example: The flight attendant was very polite to the passengers.
Additional info: Synonyms for flight attendant include cabin attendant and cabin crew.
ADJUSTMENT
/əˈdʒʌst mənt/ [uh-JUHST-muh nt] (n.)
– a minor change done to improve something
Example: The passengers had to make adjustments in their schedules because of the cancelled flight.
Additional info: It may generally refer to the act of changing something.
/ˈwaɪd n/ [WAHYD-n] (v.)
– to make something wider
Example: The citizens demanded that the city government widen the roads.
Additional info: Synonyms for widen include broaden and extend.
REDESIGN
/ˌridɪˈzaɪn/ [ree-dih-ZAHYN] (v.)
– to change the design or structure of something
Example: The plane’s exterior will be redesigned this month.
Additional info: The prefix re- means again.
REPUTATION
/ˌrɛp yəˈteɪ ʃən/ [rep-yuh-TEY-shuh n] (n.)
– the shared and public opinion about someone or something
Example: The pilot has a reputation of being late.
Additional info: It can also mean good standing or favorable status.
FLIGHT ATTENDANT
/flaɪt əˈtɛn dənt/ [flahyt uh-TEN-duh nt] (n.)
– an airline employee who serves passengers during a flight
Example: The flight attendant was very polite to the passengers.
Additional info: Synonyms for flight attendant include cabin attendant and cabin crew.
ADJUSTMENT
/əˈdʒʌst mənt/ [uh-JUHST-muh nt] (n.)
– a minor change done to improve something
Example: The passengers had to make adjustments in their schedules because of the cancelled flight.
Additional info: It may generally refer to the act of changing something.
Vocabulary Enrichment 91 with IPA Practice
YELL
/yɛl/ [yel] (v.)
– to speak loudly or to shout
Example: Everyone was yelling so loud that I couldn’t understand anything.
Additional info: Synonyms for yell include scream and shriek.
INCIDENT
/ˈɪn sɪ dənt/ [IN-si-duh nt] (n.)
– an unpleasant event
Example: I cannot forget the embarrassing incident that happened last week.
Additional info: Synonyms for incident include happening and instance.
SOCIAL MEDIA
/ˈsoʊ ʃəl ˈmi di ə/ [SOH-shuh l MEE-dee-uh] (n.)
– websites where people share information and communicate with others
Example: He frequently updates his social media accounts.
Additional info: Some of the popular social media today are Facebook and Twitter.
SET FOOT IN
/sɛt fʊt ɪn/ [set foo t in] (idiom)
– to enter or to go inside a place
Example: The first time I set foot in a museum was during our fourth grade field trip.
Additional info: Synonyms for set foot in include arrive and get in.
HANDLE
/ˈhæn dl/ [HAN-dl] (v.)
– to deal with something
Example: Employees should be able to handle their emotions when receiving negative feedback.
Additional info: It may also literally mean “to hold in one’s hand.”
/yɛl/ [yel] (v.)
– to speak loudly or to shout
Example: Everyone was yelling so loud that I couldn’t understand anything.
Additional info: Synonyms for yell include scream and shriek.
INCIDENT
/ˈɪn sɪ dənt/ [IN-si-duh nt] (n.)
– an unpleasant event
Example: I cannot forget the embarrassing incident that happened last week.
Additional info: Synonyms for incident include happening and instance.
SOCIAL MEDIA
/ˈsoʊ ʃəl ˈmi di ə/ [SOH-shuh l MEE-dee-uh] (n.)
– websites where people share information and communicate with others
Example: He frequently updates his social media accounts.
Additional info: Some of the popular social media today are Facebook and Twitter.
SET FOOT IN
/sɛt fʊt ɪn/ [set foo t in] (idiom)
– to enter or to go inside a place
Example: The first time I set foot in a museum was during our fourth grade field trip.
Additional info: Synonyms for set foot in include arrive and get in.
HANDLE
/ˈhæn dl/ [HAN-dl] (v.)
– to deal with something
Example: Employees should be able to handle their emotions when receiving negative feedback.
Additional info: It may also literally mean “to hold in one’s hand.”
Vocabulary Enrichment 90 with IPA Practice
SATELLITE
/ ˈsæt lˌaɪt / [SAT-l-ahyt] (n.)
– a machine or device sent into space
Example: The satellite took images of the moon.
Additional info: It may also refer to an organization managed and controlled by a larger organization.
BREAKTHROUGH
/ ˈbreɪkˌθru / [BREYK-throo] (n.)
– any significant innovation or discovery
Example: The invention of the telephone was a breakthrough in communication.
Additional info: Synonyms for breakthrough include advancement and development.
RECONFIGURE
/ ˌri kənˈfɪg yər / [ree-kuh n-FIG-yer] (v.)
– to change the form or the way something is used
Example: Some aircraft can be reconfigured for high altitude flights.
Additional info: Synonyms for reconfigure include modify and rearrange.
DEFINE
/ dɪˈfaɪn / [dih-FAHYN] (v.)
– to explain, identify, or describe something
Example: The manager defined the employee’s new role.
Additional info: It can also mean to specify or lay down clearly.
MARITIME
/ ˈmær ɪˌtaɪm / [MAR-i-tahym] (adj.)
– referring to any business or activity done by sea
Example: The maritime industry is one of the country’s most important sources of income.
Additional info: It may also refer to anything located near or by the sea.
/ ˈsæt lˌaɪt / [SAT-l-ahyt] (n.)
– a machine or device sent into space
Example: The satellite took images of the moon.
Additional info: It may also refer to an organization managed and controlled by a larger organization.
BREAKTHROUGH
/ ˈbreɪkˌθru / [BREYK-throo] (n.)
– any significant innovation or discovery
Example: The invention of the telephone was a breakthrough in communication.
Additional info: Synonyms for breakthrough include advancement and development.
RECONFIGURE
/ ˌri kənˈfɪg yər / [ree-kuh n-FIG-yer] (v.)
– to change the form or the way something is used
Example: Some aircraft can be reconfigured for high altitude flights.
Additional info: Synonyms for reconfigure include modify and rearrange.
DEFINE
/ dɪˈfaɪn / [dih-FAHYN] (v.)
– to explain, identify, or describe something
Example: The manager defined the employee’s new role.
Additional info: It can also mean to specify or lay down clearly.
MARITIME
/ ˈmær ɪˌtaɪm / [MAR-i-tahym] (adj.)
– referring to any business or activity done by sea
Example: The maritime industry is one of the country’s most important sources of income.
Additional info: It may also refer to anything located near or by the sea.
Vocabulary Enrichment 89
VICTORY
/ˈvɪk tə ri/ [VIK-tuh-ree] (n.)
– the success of beating someone in a competition
Example: To attain victory in any sport, you have to train hard.
Additional info: Synonyms for victory include achievement and conquest.
PARADE
/pəˈreɪd/ [puh-REYD] (n.)
– a large public procession usually done in honor of a person or event
Example: Very few events are celebrated in our city with a parade.
Additional info: It can also mean a military ceremony involving the formation and marching of soldiers.
OUTSTANDING
/ˌaʊtˈstæn dɪŋ/ [out-STAN-ding] (adj.)
– excellent or very good
Example: He is both an outstanding student and athlete.
Additional info: It can also refer to something not yet settled (e.g. an outstanding bill).
CONFETTI
/kənˈfɛt i/ [kuh n-FET-ee] (n.)
– small bits of colored paper scattered around during a festive event
Example: The organizers decided to use confetti in the wedding.
Additional info: Image of confetti: http://www.pyrotechnology.com/files/3713/6189/7394/gallery-confetti_02.jpg
BEAR
/ˈbɛər/ [BAIR] (v.)
– to hold, carry, or possess something
Example: The uniform bears the team’s logo.
Additional info: It can also mean to tolerate or endure something.
/ˈvɪk tə ri/ [VIK-tuh-ree] (n.)
– the success of beating someone in a competition
Example: To attain victory in any sport, you have to train hard.
Additional info: Synonyms for victory include achievement and conquest.
PARADE
/pəˈreɪd/ [puh-REYD] (n.)
– a large public procession usually done in honor of a person or event
Example: Very few events are celebrated in our city with a parade.
Additional info: It can also mean a military ceremony involving the formation and marching of soldiers.
OUTSTANDING
/ˌaʊtˈstæn dɪŋ/ [out-STAN-ding] (adj.)
– excellent or very good
Example: He is both an outstanding student and athlete.
Additional info: It can also refer to something not yet settled (e.g. an outstanding bill).
CONFETTI
/kənˈfɛt i/ [kuh n-FET-ee] (n.)
– small bits of colored paper scattered around during a festive event
Example: The organizers decided to use confetti in the wedding.
Additional info: Image of confetti: http://www.pyrotechnology.com/files/3713/6189/7394/gallery-confetti_02.jpg
BEAR
/ˈbɛər/ [BAIR] (v.)
– to hold, carry, or possess something
Example: The uniform bears the team’s logo.
Additional info: It can also mean to tolerate or endure something.
Vocabulary Enrichment 88
SURFACE
/ˈsɜr fɪs/ [SUR-fis] (n.)
– the outside or outermost layer of something
Example: The surface of the Earth is covered mostly in water.
Additional info: As a verb, it can mean to rise to the surface.
VIVIDLY
/ˈvɪv ɪd li/ [VIV-id-lee] (adv.)
– in a manner that is clear and detailed
Example: The journalist vividly described the fireworks display.
Additional info: It can also mean “in a manner that is animated or full of life.”
VENTURE
/ˈvɛn tʃər/ [VEN-cher] (v.)
– to go to an unknown and dangerous place
Example: The team ventured into the depths of the ocean aboard a submarine.
Additional info: As a noun, it can mean “an activity involving risk.”
INVESTIGATE
/ɪnˈvɛs tɪˌgeɪt/ [in-VES-ti-geyt] (v.)
– to study or examine something in detail
Example: Scientists are still investigating how fossil fuels affect the environment.
Additional info: Synonyms for investigate include scrutinize and probe.
COMPARABLE
/ kɒgˈnɪʃ ən / [kog-NISH-uh n] (n.)
– mental activities related to knowledge, comprehension, and memory
Example: The old satellite is comparable to the new one.
Additional info: Synonyms for comparable include alike and similar.
/ˈsɜr fɪs/ [SUR-fis] (n.)
– the outside or outermost layer of something
Example: The surface of the Earth is covered mostly in water.
Additional info: As a verb, it can mean to rise to the surface.
VIVIDLY
/ˈvɪv ɪd li/ [VIV-id-lee] (adv.)
– in a manner that is clear and detailed
Example: The journalist vividly described the fireworks display.
Additional info: It can also mean “in a manner that is animated or full of life.”
VENTURE
/ˈvɛn tʃər/ [VEN-cher] (v.)
– to go to an unknown and dangerous place
Example: The team ventured into the depths of the ocean aboard a submarine.
Additional info: As a noun, it can mean “an activity involving risk.”
INVESTIGATE
/ɪnˈvɛs tɪˌgeɪt/ [in-VES-ti-geyt] (v.)
– to study or examine something in detail
Example: Scientists are still investigating how fossil fuels affect the environment.
Additional info: Synonyms for investigate include scrutinize and probe.
COMPARABLE
/ kɒgˈnɪʃ ən / [kog-NISH-uh n] (n.)
– mental activities related to knowledge, comprehension, and memory
Example: The old satellite is comparable to the new one.
Additional info: Synonyms for comparable include alike and similar.
Vocabulary Enrichment 87
OVERSTATE
/ˌoʊ vərˈsteɪt/ [oh-ver-STEYT] (v.)
– to say that something is higher than the actual amount
Example: The company overstated its earnings because of an accounting mistake.
Additional info: Synonyms for overstate include exaggerate and make too much of.
PROFIT
/ˈprɒf ɪt/ [PROF-it] (n.)
– the money earned by a business
Example: The company’s profit increased because of the new marketing strategy.
Additional info: As a verb, it can mean to take advantage or to gain.
MANIPULATE
/məˈnɪp yəˌleɪt/ [muh-NIP-yuh-leyt] (v.)
– to change or control something for selfish reasons
Example: He manipulated the results of the customer survey.
Additional info: It can also mean to control something using a machine.
RESTORE
/rɪˈstɔr/ [ri-STAWR] (v.)
– to bring back to the previous condition
Example: It will take time and effort to restore a broken relationship.
Additional info: Synonyms for restore include recover and return.
OVERHAUL
/oʊ vərˈhɔl / [oh-ver-HAWL] (v.)
– to change something completely
Example: The team overhauled their presentation right before the meeting.
Additional info: As a noun, it can mean “a change or repair done to something.”
/ˌoʊ vərˈsteɪt/ [oh-ver-STEYT] (v.)
– to say that something is higher than the actual amount
Example: The company overstated its earnings because of an accounting mistake.
Additional info: Synonyms for overstate include exaggerate and make too much of.
PROFIT
/ˈprɒf ɪt/ [PROF-it] (n.)
– the money earned by a business
Example: The company’s profit increased because of the new marketing strategy.
Additional info: As a verb, it can mean to take advantage or to gain.
MANIPULATE
/məˈnɪp yəˌleɪt/ [muh-NIP-yuh-leyt] (v.)
– to change or control something for selfish reasons
Example: He manipulated the results of the customer survey.
Additional info: It can also mean to control something using a machine.
RESTORE
/rɪˈstɔr/ [ri-STAWR] (v.)
– to bring back to the previous condition
Example: It will take time and effort to restore a broken relationship.
Additional info: Synonyms for restore include recover and return.
OVERHAUL
/oʊ vərˈhɔl / [oh-ver-HAWL] (v.)
– to change something completely
Example: The team overhauled their presentation right before the meeting.
Additional info: As a noun, it can mean “a change or repair done to something.”
Vocabulary Enrichment 86
PERFECT
/pɜr fɪkt/ [PUR-fikt] (adj.)
– the best or the most ideal
Example: Many parents want a perfect life for their children.
Additional info: It may also refer to something with no mistakes or flaws.
LIKELIHOOD
/ˈlaɪk liˌhʊd/ [LAHYK-lee-hoo d] (n.)
– the probability that something will happen
Example: The weather forecast said there is a strong likelihood of heavy rainfall today.
Additional info: Synonyms for likelihood include possibility and tendency.
COMPATIBLE
/kəmˈpæt ə bəl/ [kuh m-PAT-uh-buh l] (adj.)
– able to exist or live together well
Example: The two were not as compatible as they thought they were.
Additional info: Synonyms for compatible include well-matched and well-suited.
STABLE
/ˈsteɪ bəl/ [STEY-buh l] (adj.)
– in good condition that is not likely to change
Example: I wish I could be financially stable when I reach my 40s.
Additional info: It may also mean “not likely to worsen.”
SET IN ONE'S WAYS
/sɛt ɪn wʌns weɪz/ [set in wuhns weyz] (idiom)
– having a fixed and unchangeable lifestyle
Example: After fifteen years of working in the university, the professor became set in her ways.
Additional info: Inflexible and unalterable is related to this idiom.
/pɜr fɪkt/ [PUR-fikt] (adj.)
– the best or the most ideal
Example: Many parents want a perfect life for their children.
Additional info: It may also refer to something with no mistakes or flaws.
LIKELIHOOD
/ˈlaɪk liˌhʊd/ [LAHYK-lee-hoo d] (n.)
– the probability that something will happen
Example: The weather forecast said there is a strong likelihood of heavy rainfall today.
Additional info: Synonyms for likelihood include possibility and tendency.
COMPATIBLE
/kəmˈpæt ə bəl/ [kuh m-PAT-uh-buh l] (adj.)
– able to exist or live together well
Example: The two were not as compatible as they thought they were.
Additional info: Synonyms for compatible include well-matched and well-suited.
STABLE
/ˈsteɪ bəl/ [STEY-buh l] (adj.)
– in good condition that is not likely to change
Example: I wish I could be financially stable when I reach my 40s.
Additional info: It may also mean “not likely to worsen.”
SET IN ONE'S WAYS
/sɛt ɪn wʌns weɪz/ [set in wuhns weyz] (idiom)
– having a fixed and unchangeable lifestyle
Example: After fifteen years of working in the university, the professor became set in her ways.
Additional info: Inflexible and unalterable is related to this idiom.
Vocabulary Enrichment 85
PROHIBIT
/proʊˈhɪb ɪt/ [proh-HIB-it] (v.)
– to not allow something
Example: The authorities prohibit drinking among teens under 18.
Additional info: Synonyms for prohibit include disallow and forbid.
EXTEND
/ɪkˈstɛnd/ [ik-STEND] (v.)
– to reach a bigger area or aspect
Example: The school’s authority does not extend beyond the campus.
Additional info: It can also mean to stretch out to full length.
MINDFUL
/ˈmaɪnd fəl/ [MAHYND-fuh l] (adj.)
– being aware of something
Example: You must be mindful of your surroundings to avoid any accidents.
Additional info: It is usually followed by the preposition “of.”
LIFESTYLE
/ˈlaɪfˌstaɪl/ [LAHYF-stahyl] (n.)
– the way an individual or group lives
Example: He switched to a healthier lifestyle after his surgery.
Additional info: Synonyms for lifestyle include way of life and routine.
ANNUALLY
/ ˈænjuːəli / [AN-yoo-uh-lee] (adv.)
– year by year; every year
Example: We annually visit the countryside.
Additional info: Annual (adj.) means “once a year.”
/proʊˈhɪb ɪt/ [proh-HIB-it] (v.)
– to not allow something
Example: The authorities prohibit drinking among teens under 18.
Additional info: Synonyms for prohibit include disallow and forbid.
EXTEND
/ɪkˈstɛnd/ [ik-STEND] (v.)
– to reach a bigger area or aspect
Example: The school’s authority does not extend beyond the campus.
Additional info: It can also mean to stretch out to full length.
MINDFUL
/ˈmaɪnd fəl/ [MAHYND-fuh l] (adj.)
– being aware of something
Example: You must be mindful of your surroundings to avoid any accidents.
Additional info: It is usually followed by the preposition “of.”
LIFESTYLE
/ˈlaɪfˌstaɪl/ [LAHYF-stahyl] (n.)
– the way an individual or group lives
Example: He switched to a healthier lifestyle after his surgery.
Additional info: Synonyms for lifestyle include way of life and routine.
ANNUALLY
/ ˈænjuːəli / [AN-yoo-uh-lee] (adv.)
– year by year; every year
Example: We annually visit the countryside.
Additional info: Annual (adj.) means “once a year.”
Vocabulary Enrichment 84
COPE
/ koʊp / [kohp] (v.)
– to deal with a difficult situation
Example: Some children have to cope with pressure from school, family, and friends.
Additional info: It is usually followed by the preposition “with.”
SCARCE
/ skɛərs / [skairs] (adj.)
– not many or not enough
Example: Fruits and vegetables have become scarce because of the drought.
Additional info: Its synonyms include limited and insufficient.
ICEBREAKER
/ ˈaɪsˌbreɪ kər / [AHYS-brey-ker] (n.)
– a ship used to break and pass through ice
Example: The icebreaker is heading toward the Arctic Ocean.
Additional info: It may also refer to an activity done to help people become more comfortable with each other.
PHYSIOLOGICAL
/ ˌfɪz i əˈlɒdʒ ɪ kəl / [fiz-ee-uh-LOJ-i-kuh l] (adj.)
– referring to the body parts and their functions
Example: The researchers studied the physiological changes in the bear.
Additional info: Physiology (n.) is the branch of science concerned with how living things function.
STARVE
/stɑrv/ [stahrv] (v.)
– to be very hungry
Example: You must feed your pets regularly, or they will starve.
Additional info: It can also mean to feel a strong need or desire for something.
/ koʊp / [kohp] (v.)
– to deal with a difficult situation
Example: Some children have to cope with pressure from school, family, and friends.
Additional info: It is usually followed by the preposition “with.”
SCARCE
/ skɛərs / [skairs] (adj.)
– not many or not enough
Example: Fruits and vegetables have become scarce because of the drought.
Additional info: Its synonyms include limited and insufficient.
ICEBREAKER
/ ˈaɪsˌbreɪ kər / [AHYS-brey-ker] (n.)
– a ship used to break and pass through ice
Example: The icebreaker is heading toward the Arctic Ocean.
Additional info: It may also refer to an activity done to help people become more comfortable with each other.
PHYSIOLOGICAL
/ ˌfɪz i əˈlɒdʒ ɪ kəl / [fiz-ee-uh-LOJ-i-kuh l] (adj.)
– referring to the body parts and their functions
Example: The researchers studied the physiological changes in the bear.
Additional info: Physiology (n.) is the branch of science concerned with how living things function.
STARVE
/stɑrv/ [stahrv] (v.)
– to be very hungry
Example: You must feed your pets regularly, or they will starve.
Additional info: It can also mean to feel a strong need or desire for something.
Vocabulary Enrichment 83
PROTOTYPE
/ˈproʊ təˌtaɪp/ [PROH-tuh-tahyp] (n.)
– the first model from which copies are based from
Example: The company is still developing the prototype of the robot.
Additional info: Original and pattern are related to this word.
REAR-END
/ˈrɪərˈɛnd/ [REER-END] (v.)
– to drive or crash into the back of a car
Example: My car got rear-ended by the black taxi.
Additional info: Rear (adj.) means “located at the back of something.”
DAMAGE
/ˈdæm ɪdʒ/ [DAM-ij] (n.)
– physical harm that affects something or someone’s body
Example: My cellphone received little damage when I accidentally dropped it.
Additional info: It may also refer to the emotional harm experienced by a person.
SEVERITY
/səˈvɛr ɪ ti/ [suh-VER-i-tee] (n.)
– the state of being very bad or serious
Example: The severity of the storm prevented us from leaving the house.
Additional info: Seriousness and dangerousness are similar to this word.
TRANSITION
/trænˈzɪʃ ən/ [tran-ZISH-uh n] (v.)
– to change from one form to another
Example: The company was able to transition from a startup to an industry leader very quickly.
Additional info: Synonyms for transition include evolve and develop.
/ˈproʊ təˌtaɪp/ [PROH-tuh-tahyp] (n.)
– the first model from which copies are based from
Example: The company is still developing the prototype of the robot.
Additional info: Original and pattern are related to this word.
REAR-END
/ˈrɪərˈɛnd/ [REER-END] (v.)
– to drive or crash into the back of a car
Example: My car got rear-ended by the black taxi.
Additional info: Rear (adj.) means “located at the back of something.”
DAMAGE
/ˈdæm ɪdʒ/ [DAM-ij] (n.)
– physical harm that affects something or someone’s body
Example: My cellphone received little damage when I accidentally dropped it.
Additional info: It may also refer to the emotional harm experienced by a person.
SEVERITY
/səˈvɛr ɪ ti/ [suh-VER-i-tee] (n.)
– the state of being very bad or serious
Example: The severity of the storm prevented us from leaving the house.
Additional info: Seriousness and dangerousness are similar to this word.
TRANSITION
/trænˈzɪʃ ən/ [tran-ZISH-uh n] (v.)
– to change from one form to another
Example: The company was able to transition from a startup to an industry leader very quickly.
Additional info: Synonyms for transition include evolve and develop.
Vocabulary Enrichment 82
OVERSEAS
/oʊ vərˈsiz/ [oh-ver-SEEZ] (adv.)
– over, across, or beyond the sea
Example: He works overseas to support his family.
Additional info: Abroad is a synonym of overseas.
DOCTRINE
/ˈdɒk trɪn/ [DOK-trin] (n.)
– a government policy concerning foreign relations
Example: The new doctrine will help improve the relations between our country and the United States.
Additional info: It may also refer to a set of beliefs that many people regard as true.
ALLY
/æl aɪ/ [AL-ahy] (n.)
– a country that offers military support to another country
Example: The United States and Russia were allies during World War II.
Additional info: Synonyms for ally include supporter and associate.
OVERRIDE
/ˌoʊ vərˈraɪd/ [oh-ver-RAHYD] (v.)
– to cancel or to make something invalid
Example: The judge might override the decision.
Additional info: Synonyms for override include overrule and reverse.
SUPPLEMENT
/ˈsʌp ləˌmɛnt/ [SUHP-luh-ment] (v.)
– to complete or add to something
Example: Soldiers supplement their diet with multivitamins.
Additional info: It can also be used as a noun. (e.g. I take dietary supplements every day.)
/oʊ vərˈsiz/ [oh-ver-SEEZ] (adv.)
– over, across, or beyond the sea
Example: He works overseas to support his family.
Additional info: Abroad is a synonym of overseas.
DOCTRINE
/ˈdɒk trɪn/ [DOK-trin] (n.)
– a government policy concerning foreign relations
Example: The new doctrine will help improve the relations between our country and the United States.
Additional info: It may also refer to a set of beliefs that many people regard as true.
ALLY
/æl aɪ/ [AL-ahy] (n.)
– a country that offers military support to another country
Example: The United States and Russia were allies during World War II.
Additional info: Synonyms for ally include supporter and associate.
OVERRIDE
/ˌoʊ vərˈraɪd/ [oh-ver-RAHYD] (v.)
– to cancel or to make something invalid
Example: The judge might override the decision.
Additional info: Synonyms for override include overrule and reverse.
SUPPLEMENT
/ˈsʌp ləˌmɛnt/ [SUHP-luh-ment] (v.)
– to complete or add to something
Example: Soldiers supplement their diet with multivitamins.
Additional info: It can also be used as a noun. (e.g. I take dietary supplements every day.)
Vocabulary Enrichment 81
MARKET
/ ˈmɑr kɪt / [MAHR-kit] (n.)
– an area where products or services can be sold and bought
Example: Japan is a major market for English language learning.
Additional info: As a verb, market means to sell something.
FORECAST
/ ˈfɔrˌkæst / [FAWR-kast] (n.)
– a guess or estimate of something that will happen in the future
Example: Unfortunately, the company didn’t meet its sales forecast this year.
Additional info: Forecast is also commonly used to refer to weather predictions—weather forecast.
PAR
/pɑr/ [pahr] (n.)
– the state of being equal
Example: The price of oil today is at par with its price last week.
Additional info: "At par" and "on par" are expressions related to this word. "At par" refers to two things, usually business-related, with the same value (e.g price), while "on par" means being in the same level (e.g productivity).
ANALYST
/ ˈæn l ɪst / [AN-l-ist] (n.)
– a person who studies something
Example: Our company hired a business analyst to evaluate our sales.
Additional info: Analyst is related to expert and specialist.
SEDAN
/ sɪˈdæn / [si-DAN] (n.)
– a type of car that has four doors
Example: A sedan can comfortably seat four people.
Additional info: In British English, a sedan is more commonly known as a saloon car.
/ ˈmɑr kɪt / [MAHR-kit] (n.)
– an area where products or services can be sold and bought
Example: Japan is a major market for English language learning.
Additional info: As a verb, market means to sell something.
FORECAST
/ ˈfɔrˌkæst / [FAWR-kast] (n.)
– a guess or estimate of something that will happen in the future
Example: Unfortunately, the company didn’t meet its sales forecast this year.
Additional info: Forecast is also commonly used to refer to weather predictions—weather forecast.
PAR
/pɑr/ [pahr] (n.)
– the state of being equal
Example: The price of oil today is at par with its price last week.
Additional info: "At par" and "on par" are expressions related to this word. "At par" refers to two things, usually business-related, with the same value (e.g price), while "on par" means being in the same level (e.g productivity).
ANALYST
/ ˈæn l ɪst / [AN-l-ist] (n.)
– a person who studies something
Example: Our company hired a business analyst to evaluate our sales.
Additional info: Analyst is related to expert and specialist.
SEDAN
/ sɪˈdæn / [si-DAN] (n.)
– a type of car that has four doors
Example: A sedan can comfortably seat four people.
Additional info: In British English, a sedan is more commonly known as a saloon car.
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