Realism asserts that the learner can come to know of the truth through his senses and reason. This philosophy stands under the belief that knowledge and information are around us, ready to be received and to be learned.
It give importance to active learning and condemns purely receptive intake of information. The learner should have his own initiative to open his senses and accept reality around him.
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Like the idealist, the realist stresses the importance of separations between subject matters, contents and knowledge. This is why we study human experiences through history, animals through zoology, plants through botany and many more.
Mathematics and other subjects that sharpen and cultivate the mind are given stress because rational thought and logic are considered important in realism.
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The three R's (reading, writing and arithmetic) are centers of basic human education. This is why Basic Elementary Education focuses on these.
Changes in subject matters are welcome since the world must adopt with changes and changes are a part of reality but the culture of the society must be constant. If idealism focuses on the classics and considers the classics as the main sources of information, the realists believe that truth and reality are achieved through the help of science and art and morality can only be maintained through the stability of a society's heritage.
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REALISM: Changes, senses, logic, truth, reading, writing, arithmetic, separations, science, art, etc.
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